Medicaid Per Capita Cap Would Harm Millions of People by Forcing Deep Cuts and Shifting Costs to States

April 11, 2025

Before resurrecting harmful per capita cap proposals, policymakers should consider how similar past proposals would have impacted states’ budgets and thus their ability to support Medicaid enrollees. This paper presents a case study with historical data to illustrate the impact on different states had Congress implemented a per capita cap in 2018; nearly every state examined would have exceeded its cap — and thus lost substantial federal funding — in one or more of the following four years.


Center on Budget and Policy Priorities
January 7, 2025
bGideon Lukens and Elizabeth Zhang